Removable pile for forming concrete piling.



R. J. BEALL, JB. REMOVABLE PILE EOE EoEMINe CONCRETE FILING. APPLIGATION FILED APRA?, 1904. BENEWBD JUNE 20, 1908.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

1HE NORRL iEF'ERS C0.. FHOTO-LITHQ. WASHINGTON. IJA C Unir/ED sTAriis rA'inNi ortica.

RICHARD J. BEALL, JR., OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIG-NOR TO THE;

VSIMPLEX `CONCRETE 'FILING COMPANY, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA,

A CORPORATION OF DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

REMOVABLE PILE FOR FORMING CONCRETE FILING.

Application filed April 9, 19Q4, Serial No. 202,414. Renewed June 20, 1908. Serial No. 439,592.

T0 all 'whom it may concern:

i Beit known that I, RICHARD J. BEALL, Jr., a citizen of the'United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented a Removable'Pile for'Forming Concrete Piling, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that method of forming piles of concrete or cement'which consists in'irst driving a preparatory pile into the ground, then withdrawing said preparatory pile, and then filling the" opening formed thereby with fluid or plastic c'oncrete or cement which when it becomes set will form the permanent pile.

The object of my invention is to so con struct the removable preparatory `pile' that the same can be driven orf'withdrawn with the exercise of much less power than is required ywhen piles of this Vclass as heretofore constructed are used.

In the accompanying drawing: Figure 1 is a vertical section of a preparatory npile and point constructed in accordance with my invention, showing the character of the opening formed in the ground by said pile. Fig. 2 is a view showing a modilication of the point of the pile. Fig. 3p is a view showing the permanent pile produced filling the opening with cement or concrete/.after the preparatory pile has been withdrawn.

For the purpose of forming' in the)` ground openings yforl the reception of concrete or cement to constitute permanent piling the use ofan ordinary wooden or metal pile et cylindrical form or tapering inwardly from top to bottom is objectionable', for the reason that the frictional hold 0pt' the earthupon the sides ofthe pile isr such that said pile cannot be driyen beyond a limited distance without the exercise of destructive force andy cannot be withdrawn after being driven without the exercise of ystill greater force, the frictional hold of the earth upon the pile being now assisted by atmospheric pressure, owing to the fact that the withdrawalI of the pile tends to create a ypartial vacuum inr` the opening left thereby. For this reason various forms of collapsible piles have been proposed; but such piles, owing to their sec*- tional character; are necessarily limited in strength, and, 'nioreoven do not overcome the` objectionk of resistancey due to they frietionlaly hold of 'the earth thereupon while they are being driven.

y In carrying out my invention, therefore, I form on the pile or provide the pile with a point which is greater in diameter than' the pile itself, so that the frictional hold of the earth both in driving and withdrawing the pile is restricted to the limited area presented by this expanded point, with the result that the pile can be driven to any dey sired'depth without unduly increasing the frictional hold of the earth upon the pile and can yalso be withdrawn with the exercise of afrelatively limited amount of power.

piley shown in Fig. l consists of a metal tube, although it may be a solid pile of wood or metal, if desired, this pile being provided at the top with a suitable driving head 2, and at the bottoni with a point 3,

which is 0f so much greater diameter than tendency of the pile to deflect from its` proper line. j

The point 3 of the pile is reduced in diameter the top, so `as to provide a shoulder forVK engagement with the lower end of the pile, and thiskreduced portion of the point can be secured tothe lower end of the pile by rivets 1, or othery suitable' fastenings, or, if desired, the pile and its point may be in one piece. Thev point 3 has a tapered lower end and also by preference tapers from its portion of greater diameter inwardly to the shoulder upon which rests the lower end of the pilel l. Hence no abrupt shoulders', are presented to the earth either in driving or withdrawing the pile, the earth during the driving yoperation being displaced laterally by force, which is exerted evenly in all `directions fronithe axial center of the pile, whilek the upper taper' of the point serves in like manner toplaterally press upon the walls of the opening when the pile is being with,- drawn,ifsaidgwalls or any portion ofthe Patented Feb. 9, i915.

same have been displaced inwardly after the polint has passed the same in driving the 1 e. p The point 3 (shown in Fig. l) is hollow or should have an opening communicating with the lower end, so as to provide for the downward passage of air through the pile when the latter is being withdrawn, thus preventing the formation of any partial vacuum in the space below the point ofthe pile, and thereby relieving said point from any frictional contact of the walls ofthe opening -thereupon duel to atmospheric pressure.

Of course it will be understood that in withdrawing the pile they driving-head 2 is removed or other means are provided for permitting free ingress of air to the interior of the pile. Y

The opening at the bottom of the point 3 is preferably provided with a valve opening downwardly, this valve in the present instance consisting of a detachable plug .5,

f which will be released as soon as the withdrawal of the pile is attempted. e

' The point 3 canbe made of wood, iron, steel, concrete, combinations of the same, or, in fact, of any material which will withv stand the shock of driving.

Where the relief opening through the point is employed, said point may in forming openings in some kinds of ground be of the same diameter as the pile, as indicated in Fig. 2, in which 3a designates the point which is connected to the pile 7 as in Fig. l, by rivets 8, though as heretofore stated any other fastening means may be employed to connect the point to the pile,

v or said point formed integrally with the body of the pile. Even in the instance shown in said Fig. 2 the friction upon the pile due to atmospheric pressure in withdrawing the same is overcome by the opening through the pile and opening at the point.

Having thus described my invention, whatkv I claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is:

l. As a device for forming in the ground an opening for' the subsequent reception of concrete orvother fluid or plastic material, a removable preparatory pile terminating in a pointed hole forming end or head exceeding in size or diameter the greatest diameter of any part of the pile stem, whereby in withdrawing the pile any friction between any part of the pile stem and the wall of the hole formed thereby is avoided, eX- cept at the head.

2. As a device for forming inthe ground an opening for the subsequent reception of concrete or other fluid or plastic material, a removable preparatory pile terminating in' a pointed hole forming end .or head exceeding in size or diameter'the greatest diconcrete or other fluid or plastic material inzasa ameter of the body of the pile and having a tapering portion between the pile body and the largest portion of the head, which tapering portion is continuous with the surface of the head, thereby presenting av smooth unobstructed surface, whereby in withdrawing the pile friction between any part of the pile and the wall of the hole formed thereby is avoided, except at the head, and the upper tapering portion of the latter avoiding defacements or injury of the wall of the opening.

3. As avdevice for forming in the ground an opening for the 'subsequent reception of concrete or other fluid or plastic material,

a removable preparatory pile having a fixed y.

point with an opening extending through the point, whereby air canv enter the space below the point as the pile kis withdrawn, substantially as specified.

4. As a device for forming in the ground v an opening for the subsequent reception of concrete or other fluid or plastic material, a removable preparatory pile having an opening therethrough, and a point secured to an opening for the subsequent reception of concrete or other fluid or plastic material, a removable pile having an opening therein which extends through the point, and a valve which closes said opening during the driving of the pile, substantially as speciiied.v

6. As a device for forming in the ground an opening for the subsequent reception of concrete or other iiuid or plastic material, a removable pile having an opening therethrough, a point secured to the pile and also having a relief-opening therein, and a valve which closes said opening in the point during the driving of the pile, substantially as specified.

7. As a device for forming in the ground an opening for the subsequent reception of 7 a removable pile having an enlarged point, and an opening through which air can enter the space below the point of the pile as the latter is withdrawn, substantially as speci- 8. As a device for forming in the ground;

an` opening for the subsequent reception of concrete or other fluid or plastic material,

a removable preparatory pile having .an

opening therein, and a valve Which closes said relief-opening during the driving of the pile, substantially as speeied.

In testimony whereof I have signed my 15 name to this specification in the presence of tvvo subscribing Witnesses.

RICHARD J. BEALL, JR.

IVitnesses:

EMORY H. BOGLEY, H. S. BEALL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

